THERAPEUTIC DRUG MONITORING IN PERSONALIZED MEDICINE: ADVANCES AND LIMITATIONS
Rajputana College of Pharmacy, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) has emerged as a crucial component of personalized medicine, enabling the optimization of drug therapy by tailoring doses based on individual patient characteristics. By measuring drug concentrations in biological fluids and correlating them with clinical outcomes, TDM ensures efficacy while minimizing toxicity. Advances in analytical techniques, including liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), biosensors, and point-of-care devices, have significantly improved the accuracy and accessibility of TDM. Additionally, the integration of pharmacogenomics and modelinformed precision dosing (MIPD) has enhanced individualized therapy by accounting for genetic variability and pharmacokinetic differences. TDM is widely applied in managing drugs with narrow therapeutic indices, such as antiepileptics, immunosuppressants, and antibiotics. However, limitations including high costs, variability in interpretation, and limited accessibility in resource-constrained settings persist. This review explores the principles, clinical applications, technological advancements, and challenges of TDM, highlighting its evolving role in achieving precision therapeutics
16 , 1 , 2026
19 - 25
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